Advances of Research in Soil Chemistry in Sudan

Abstract

Soil is a combination of organic and inorganic solids, water and air. Soil chemistry focuses on studying the chemical reactions and processes between these components and, particularly, the fate of contaminants n soil chemistry in Sudan. The review will give an in site of the most important aspect the executed research in tackling the productivity of the agricultural sector. Therefore, reviewed studies primarily focused on the reactions between plant nutrients and soil.Pioneers scientists noted that the nitrogen in the soils of Gezira is deficient, due to low organic matter, hence, nitrogen was considered as the main yield-limiting factor. Since then, adsorption experiments have carried out to study the adsorption of urea and ammonia in Gezira soils. Meager research on adsorption of phosphorus and potassium has been carried out in Sudan soils.  Salt-affected soils are widespread in different states of the country such as Northern, River Nile, Khartoum Gezira, and White Nile states, therefore, adsorption experiments of macro- and micronutrients onto salt affected soils in Sudan has been studied by many researchers. In spite of the amount and progress that had been achieved in soil chemistry research in Sudan, it is high time to recognize the future directions the research and innovations need to address on soil chemistry in Sudan, Thus, our future research should focus on food security with quest for improvement in the quality of life and preserving our country free from any kind of environmental hazards by adopting recent advances in methods and technologies.