Litterfall Decomposition and Nutrients Release in Yatta Teak Plantation Forest in Western Equatoria State, South Sudan

Abstract

This study assessed litter input in a teak plantation forest, and characterized soils, litter decomposition and elements release in Yatta forest, Western Equatoria State, South Sudan; during May 2008 and October 2011. Litter fall was collected weekly from plots of 16 m² under the forest cover with ten replicates. Seventy five litter bags were used to assess decomposition and elements release, and buried at 15 to 30 cm soil depth; 25 bags were withdrawn at 6, 12 and 18 months. The soil is an Oxisols, clay loam to clayey, acidic, rich in organic matter, and amply furnished with nutrients. Litter input was 1404.4 kg/ha/year; with concessive maxima and minima in dry and wet months. Losses of dry matter were high, with ranges of 52% to 95% during the tested periods. The elements carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium were rapidly released with successive rates: 77.2%- 98.7%, 89.5% – 98.8%, 23.2% – 96.3%, 99.8% – 100%, 92% – 99.3%, 70% – 96.3% during the trial months. The results showed a high potential fertility of this teak plantation site and which will support the sustainability of the growing stock.