Sudan Journal of Science

Response of salt-stressed Dolichos lablab L. seedlings to supplementary salicylic acid and its derivalives

M.A. Wasfi — 2021-08-30

Plants exposed to salinity stress undergo adverse changes in their key physiological and
biochemical parameters. The work reported in this paper assessed the effect of exogenous application
of salicylic acid, acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) and methyl salicylate (5mM each) on proteins, soluble
sugars and chlorophyll content in salt-stressed (50mM NaCl) Dolichos lablab leaves. Salinity significantly
diminished proteins and chlorophylls and increased soluble sugars relative to controls. Exogenous
application of salicylic acid and its derivatives as foliar spray substantially enhanced and alleviated the
deleterious effects of salinity on the studied parameters

Martynia annua L. (Martyniaceae): a new record for the flora of Sudan

Ikram Madani — 2021-08-30

Martynia annua L. (Martyniaceae) was reported for the first time for the flora of Sudan in the
Damazin area, Blue Nile State in South Eastern Sudan. Plant specimens were collected for the first
time near Damazin Town (N 11 56.186 E: 34 22.895 GPS) about 10 km downstream Roseires dam.
It was later observed on the eastern and western flanks of the Blue Nile. Also M. annua was
encountered near Al Gadarif Town in Al Gadarif State in Eastern Sudan (West of Elglabat in
Bassanga, 240 km south of Al Gadarif). Detailed morphological description is given to help the
identification of this species in the future.

Detection and molecular identification of Brucella species infecting Camels in Darfur, Sudan

Zienab A.A. Abdallah — 2021-08-30

-Brucellosis is a wide spread zoonotic disease which is characterized by reduced fertility and
abortion in animals and in humans. Although not the primary hosts, camels are highly
susceptible to Brucella abortus and B. melitensis. Camel meat and milk are consumed raw some
times in Sudan, which may increase the prevalence of brucellosis.
The aim of this study was to screen camels from three districts of Nyala in South Darfour, Sudan
for brucellosis. A sensitive specied-specific PCR assay was adopted for the detection and
identification of Brucella spp. in 100 blood samples and 30 milk samples.
41 camels were positive for Brucella spp. Out of which, 44% were positive for Brucella abortus,
43% were positive for B. melitensis, and 22% were positive for a co-infection of B. abortus and B.
melitensis.The majority of infected samples were collected at the slaughterhouse from camels to
be consumed.
The finding of Brucella spp in camels' meat and milk is alarming as Sudanese consumers eat raw
camels' liver and drink unpasteurized milk. Therefore the main recommendation of this study is
to adopt a sensitive and species-specific PCR protocol for routine detection of brucellosis
especially in animals to be slaughtered.

The effect of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae var acridum and Beauveria bassiana on the survival of mosquito larvae of Anopheles arabiensis Patton and Culex quinquefasciatus Say

Asmaa El Abas El Agali — 2021-08-30

Because of environmental considerations and the development of resistance in vectors, efforts
had been directed to microbial control. Immature stages of mosquito are useful components of
malaria control program. The entomopathogenic hyphomycetous fungi Metarhizium anisopliae
var acridum and Beauveria bassiana were selected and tested against early (L1-2) and late (L3-4)
stages of mosquito larvae (Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus). Two
concentrations of each fungual spores were used to perform the laboratory bioassays and time to
death was determined for each mosquito species. Metarhizium anisopliae var acridum and
Beauveria bassiana caused high mortality in An. arabiensis and C. quinquefasciatus. However,
B. bassiana was less effective compared to M. anisopliae var acridum. Both An. arabiensis and
C. quinquefasciatus were susceptible to the two fungi concentrations at the early stage. On the
other hand, the older one were less susceptible.This research showed the potentiality of the two
fungal species against mosquitoes in the larval stage, and the mortality percentage depends on
fungus species itself and larval stage targeted. The increase in fungus concentration did not
showed a proportional increase in mortality