Khartoum Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
KJPS publishes scientifically sound original research articles, review articles, short communications and case studies that may answer questions related to pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences disciplines at the national, regional or global level
Pulicaria crispa (Forssk) Oliv: A Review of Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Since early history, medicinal and aromatic plants had extensively been used in treatment of various diseases. Now days, the high evolution and development in phytochemical technology cause the phytotherapy as a science to be dramatically noticed. It exploited the rich information available in traditional medicines and then translated it into proved scientifcal discipline. Pulicaria crispa (Forssk) Oliv is one of medicinal and aromatic plant which is widely distributed around the world, especially in arid and sub- tropical regions.This review is an attempt to collect some information about this valuable plant, which is still widely used traditionally in treatment of many diseases. In this review, we tried to mention all of the proved scientifc information according to pharmacognostical point of view, which consists of taxonomical classifcation, botanical description, traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological and phytotherapeutic uses.
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2021 Khartoum Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Evaluation of Common Side Effects of Chemotherapy among Cancer Patients in Khartoum Oncology Hospital Ward, 2019
The treatment of cancer with most anticancer drugs is complicated by the risk of numerous severe toxicities,many of which are life-threatening.The toxicities related to anticancer therapies are the most important factors restricting the use of potentially curative doses.This study aimed to assess the most common chemotherapy side effects developed and their treatment in the Khartoum oncology hospital emergency ward. This study was conducted at the Khartoum oncology hospital's emergency ward from March to May 2019.The data were collected from the medical records and individual interviews with the patients using a structured data collection sheet. Total of 100 patients were involved in this study, the most common side effects were nausea and vomiting (40%), abdominal pain (29%) of patients, diarrhea (19%), hypotension, fever, body pain, each experienced by (10%) of patients. Febrile neutropenia and dehydration, experienced by (9%) each. Moreover, the most common management of side effects was IV hydration used among 87% of patients, acid suppressants, and antiemetics used among 45% and 39% of patients,respectively.Antibiotics were used for 30% of patients; corticosteroids were used among 29% of patients.Antispasmodic were used among 27%, and analgesia used for 26 %.The association between the number of chemotherapeutic agents and side effects was signifcant (P=0.023).The study revealed that the most common side effects of chemotherapy were nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.The management mainly by intravenous hydration, antiemetic, acid suppressants, and antibiotics.
Retrospective Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Basiliximab and Antithymocyte Globulin in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Background: Induction therapy with biological agents as anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or an interleukin 2 receptor antagonist (IL2-RA) is essential to reduce the risk of acute rejection. Though ATG is used selectively in patients with high immunological risk, the decision for induction treatment stays a matter of discussion in a patient with high immunological risk. Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of Basiliximab versus Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Methodology:A retrospective study was conducted at Ahmed Gasim Hospital, Cardiac Surgery and Renal Transplantation center. Data was collected from all renal transplant recipients with intermediate immunological risk from January 2017 to August 2018. Data included the patient's demographics, efficacy, and frequency of adverse effects. Results: Out of 75 patients, 44 (58.7%) patients were treated with ATG, and 31(41.3%) with Basiliximab. Patient survival at one year was 97.7 % in the ATG treated group and 100 % in the Basiliximab treated group.While graft survival was similar in both groups (100%), and there was no delayed graft function in both groups, the incidence of acute rejection was 6.8 % and 6.5 % in the ATG and the Basiliximab treated group respectively. Infections were more prevalent in the ATG treated group 22.7% compared to 9.7% in Basiliximab treated group. Moreover, the rate of hematological disorders was significantly higher in ATG treated group (61.4%) in comparison to Basiliximab treated group (29%) Conclusion: Both,ATG and Basiliximab induction therapy decreased acute rejection rates and they were associated with excellent one-year graft and patient survival rates. Basiliximab was effective as ATG in intermediate immunological risk patients with lower infections and hematological disorders rates and lower mortality rates.
In-vitro Anticancer and Cytotoxic Activity of Ginger Extract on Human Breast Cell Lines
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related mortality in women. Breast cancer is highly metastatic and can spread to various parts of the body.Ginger,the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, one of the most widely used species of the ginger family, is a common condiment for various foods and beverages. Ginger has a long history of medicinal use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of in vitro anticancer and cytotoxic activity of ginger ethalonic extract against breast cancer cell lines using MTT assay method. Results revealed that ginger extract possesses dose dependent cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cell lines.Whereas, IC50 values for 48hours of treatment found to be 9.68 mg/l, 2.47 mg/l and 12.81 mg/l on MCF-7,MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and non-tumorigenic, normal breast epithelial MCF-10A cell line, respectively with relatively high selectivity ( SI= 5.1) against MDA-MB231. It could be concluded and recommended that ginger exhibits anticancer activity on breast cancer cell lines, hence ginger can be further evaluated for potential promising anticancer activity.
Early Stage Clinical Trial of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as an Add-on Antiepileptic Therapy in Children with Generalized Epilepsies
Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by the generation of epileptic seizures. Botanicals and herbal materials including some parts from plants are prepared and taken in many ways for treatment of children ill with epilepsy. Conventional
Fit-in ice condenser: Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis- Domestic Approach
The main reason that organic research is lacking in developing countries like Sudan is the time- consuming nature of this type of research. Microwave induced organic synthesis overcomes that obstacle. Due to the a lack of special microwave reactors, special fit-in ice condenser for use with domestic microwave oven (DMO) was developed in this study. The esterification reaction (Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen methyl esters, and acetylsalicylic acid) was selected for assessment of the utility of the device.Time was reduced from the hours scale into minutes, accompanied by a reasonable increase in % yield. DMO synthesis of Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen methyl esters and acetylsalicylic acid was carried in 4, 8, 7.5 , and 2 min respectively. Compared with 6 h to overnight wait by the conventional method.