Khartoum University Journal of Management Studies
Khartoum University Journal of Management Studies (KUJMS) is an anonymously refereed biannual publication, published by the School of Management Studies
تحديث المناخ التنظيمي في الجامعات العربية مدخل نظري
Copyright (c) 2021 Khartoum University Journal of Management Studies
إعداد دراسة الجدوى المالية والإقتصادية مشاكل وحلول متقدمة
THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN SUDAn PSTRUCURE PERFORMANCE AND EFFICEENCY
Problems Arresting Private Sector development in Western Sudan
problems Arresting Private Sector development in Western Sudan
DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE ADVERTISING MESSAGE AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
مهارات الإدارة الدولية عند المديرين في المنشآت السعودية دراسة ميدانية
خصخصة السجون تجارب عالمية ودروس مستفادة للدول الافريقية
Reliability Of Price - carnings Rations avaluation Telchnique acrical View
An Acuturial Apprisal of the Transitional Provision of the Nigeria Pennsion Reform Act 2004
محددات التضخم في دول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية: أسلوب التكامل المشترك
كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو بحث محددات التضخم في دول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية خلال الفترة من 1980 إلى 2007م. ومن خلال مراجعة بعض النظريات الاقتصادية المتعلقة بالتضخم , تم بلورة معادلة التضخم وتحليلها من خلال أسلوب التكامل المشترك (Cointegration Approach) والذي اشتمل على نموذج تصحيح الخطأ في المدى الطويل والقصير وتحليل التباين ودالة الاستجابة الفورية. أظهرت نتائج أسلوب التكامل المشترك أن هناك تكامل في العلاقات بين المتغيرات الاقتصادية التي اشتملت عليها معادلة التضخم في المدى الطويل. ولكن نموذج تصحيح الخطأ قد بين أن من أهم المتغيرات الاقتصادية المؤثرة في التضخم في دول مجلس التعاون في المدى الطويل والقصير هي مستوى أسعار النفط و معدل عرض النقود ومستوى التضخم العالمي. كما أوضحت نتائج الدراسة مستوى تأثير كل عامل اقتصادي على حدة في التضخم ومدى استجابة مستوى التضخم للتغير في المتغيرات الاقتصادية من خلال تحليل التباين ودالة الاستجابة الفورية.
Stock Market in Sudan : Thirteen Years of Experience
For more than two decades stock markets have boomed in just about every developing country. This stems from the recognition that the establishment of financial institutions, primarily stock markets, is essential for the generation of the requisite capital for economic development and growth. A develop stock market, as concluded by many articles on stock markets, is as important to national economic growth as banks. Though each provides a different set of important services, they both stimulate the accumulation of capital and contribute to improvements in productivity. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the Sudanese stock market has succeeded in performing its functions including being a mechanism through which public funds and credits can be channeled for development purposes. The investigation covers the period 1995 – 2007. Since there exists no theory of financial market development, the empirical indicators of stock market development assembled by the World Bank researchers and constructed by the International Finance Corporation, are used to measure the level of development of the capital market in Sudan. The principal measures used are measures of activity as well as measures of the institutional determinants of conditions under which securities are traded. To measure the achievements of KSE in terms of the crucial issue of capital mobilization three ratio measures are suggested in this paper. The results obtained from this empirical study reveal the poor performance of the Sudanese capital markets. In terms of all stock market development indicators as well as new measures suggested by this paper, the KSE is a very limited and undeveloped market
Volatility Spillovers Across GCC Stock Markets
The study of volatility transmission across markets commonly termed “volatility spillover” provides useful insights into how information disseminate across markets. Research results in this area have useful implications for issues such as international or regional diversification and market efficiency. This paper investigates volatility spillovers across GCC stock markets, namely Saudi, Abu-Dhabi, Dubai, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Muscat. The objective of the paper is to explore whether volatility surprises in one market influence the volatility of returns in another market in the group. The direction of variance causality in these markets indicates strong evidence of bi-directional volatility spillovers across four of GCC stock markets: Saudi and Kuwait; Kuwait and Abu-Dhabi; Abu-Dhabi and Dubai. This result implies that volatility surprises at any one of these markets influence volatility of returns in the other corresponding market. The other two markets, Muscat and Bahrain, are neither affected by each others’ volatility nor influenced by volatility of other GCC markets.
اثر الأنشطة الترويجية لشركات الصناعات الغذائية المساهمة العامة الأردنية على قرار شراء منتجاته
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى تأثير ممارسة الأنشطة الترويجية في شركات الصناعات الغذائية المساهمة العامة الأردنية على قرار المستهلك شراء منتجات تلك الشركات. اعتمد الباحثون في هذه الدراسة على نوعين من البيانات: تمثل الأول في البيانات المستقاة من الكتب والدراسات والأبحاث السابقة، أما الثاني فقد تمثل في الدراسة الميدانية التي شملت: تصميم وتوزيع استبانه بهدف جمع البيانات الخاصة بالدراسة من عينة قوامها (63) مديرا وموظفا من تلك الشركات، تم اختيارهم بطريقة قصديه، وقد شملت هذه العينة: مديري أقسام التسويق وموظفي تلك الأقسام، في كل شركة من الشركات المشار إليها، باعتبارهم المعنيين بموضوع الدراسة. وقد اشتملت الاستبانه على بيانات تتعلق بموضوع الدراسة: مقياس مدى تأثير ممارسة الأنشطة الترويجية في شركات الصناعات الغذائية المساهمة العامة الأردنية على قرار المستهلك شراء منتجات تلك الشركات. وقد تم إجراء اختبار الاعتمادية Cronbach's Alpha لتحديد إمكانية الاعتماد على استبانه الدراسة كأداة لجمع البيانات اللازمة. أما مجتمع الدراسة فتمثل في شركات الصناعات الغذائية المساهمة العامة الأردنية، والمدرجة في سوق عمان المالي والبالغ عددها (12) شركة. وقد تم استخدام المسح الشامل لمجتمع الدراسة. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج التي يمكن تلخيص أبرزها على النحو التالي: وجد أثر ذو دلاله احصائيه لكل متغير من المتغيرات التالية على اتخاذ المستهلك لقرار شراء منتجات تلك الشركات: الإعلان، الدعاية، والبيع الشخصي. كما لم تثبت الدراسة وجود اثر لتنشيط المبيعات، والعلاقات العامة على اتخاذ المستهلك لقرار شراء منتجات تلك الشركات
Islamic Banking Behavior towards Small Firms Financing
Islamic finance worldwide has gained significant attention due to its size, fast growth, and the potential impact on the international financial markets. Islamic banks are considered as the most important source of external funds for financing small and medium sized firms. Their ability to channel long- term credit to small firms is still debatable issue in finance literature. This paper examines banks’ behavior within the context of profound regulatory changes in the banking system and the extent to which this behavior affects small firms financing. Using aggregate data from all banks in the Sudanese banking sector and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to estimate the relationship; our results indicate that banking behavior is determined by the structure of financial resources, as well as Central Bank’s monetary and credit policies. We find evidence that inadequate capital base and the dominance of sensitive financial resources provide justification for the conventional banking behavior that is allocation of sensitive resources to short term financing. The empirical finding indicates that banking sector uses Murabaha financing rather than profit and loss sharing instruments to finance small firms. This evidence challenges the objective of Islamic bank which is supposed to provide long term financing, and facilitate availability of financing to small firms.
Testing Weak-Form Efficiency of Khartoum Stock Exchange Market
Market efficiency has influence on the investment strategy of investors because if a market is inefficient there is always chances for some to gain from information advantage to pickup the winners. In this paper a number of statistical tests have been employed to assess the weak-form efficiency of Khartoum Stock Exchange (KSE) market. The finding of the paper indicates the inefficiency hypothesis cannot be rejected.
STOCK PRICES AND INFLATION IN MALAYSIAN EQUITY MARKETS
A negative relationship between real return and inflationary trends in developed markets has been widely documented in Europe and US. This paper investigates this relationship in the light of the Generalized Fisher’s Hypothesis (GFH) for Malaysian equity markets using quarterly data from 1987 :1 to 2006:1. The results from using both ARIMA and Ordinary least square (OLS) with White (1980) hetrocidasticity-consistent and White (1984) autocorrelation-consistent covariance matrix models provide evidence of the independence and positive relationship between stock returns-inflation relationships and hence, concluded that the GFH do hold in the Malaysian stock market. This in turn implies that common stocks provide an effective hedge against inflation.
Institutilization of Islamic Waqf: An Insight for an Islamic Waqf Bank
The recent studies on Islamic Waqf have started to lean towards its institutilization, inorder to facilitate its management and to increase its efficiency. Various proposals in this increasingly urgent requirement have been introduced in the literature.This study is developed in this context, as it proposes developing a full fledged Islamic Waqf bank. However, the establishment of such a bank is conditional on the permissibility of the temporary waqf and the cash waqf. This is necessary though, because the financing of the capital of the waqf bank is to be through an issue of tradable waqf stock which depends on the permissibility of cash waqf and temporary waqf. It shall also be noticed that the success of the proposed bank in financing charitable activities relies on its success in attracting waqf cash deposits. Hence, in this study the sharia based evidence which supports the cash waqf and the temporary waqf have been traced and documented and accordingly the Islamic waqf bank is proposed and described. The bank capital is raised through the issuance of waqf stock and waqf units and its charitable activities are managed through the management of temporary and permanent waqf deposits. The study suggests also an administrative structure of the bank as well its operating agenda.
Corporate Governance and Financing Decision in Small Growing Firms in Sudan
SOME METHODOLOGICAL INSIGHTS IN CONTEXT-STRUCTURE ALIGNMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS
Descriptors: Structural variables, contextual dimensions, multiple analyses of variance, organization theory
الرضا الوظيفى لدى الموظف العام فى السودان: دراسة حالة لمشتركين فى دورات تدريبية
تهدف هذه الورقة بصورة عامة للتعرف على وجهات نظر عينة من الموظفين العامين فى السودان حول الرضا الوظيفى وللدراسة ثلاثة اهداف محددة هى : اولا: قياس درجة رضا الموظف العام فى السودان عن وظيفته. ثانيا: التعرف على ماهية العوامل التى يراها المبحوثون داعمة لرضاهم الوظيفى. ثالثا: تهدف الدراسة الى تدريب طلاب الدراسات العليا الذين يقوم معد هذه الورقة بتدريبهم على كيفية اعداد البحث العلمى وكتابته.وقد شملت العينة 337 مشاركا, رجالا ونساء, بدرجات عمرية متفاوتة. وجهات نظرهم وارأؤهم قد تم الحصول عليها بواسطة استبانة شملت متغيرات مستقلة واخرى تابعة. واستخدم الاحصاء الوصفى (اساسا التوزيع التكرارى ) كما استخدم الاحصاء الاستدلالى (معامل الارتباط و الجداول المتقاطعة) لتحليل البيانات. وقد استخدم دليل كتابة الورقة العلمية لكتابة تقرير البحث وهى التى تتلخص فى عبارات: المقدمة, المادة والمنهجية, النتائج ومناقشة النتائج. وهى المنهجية التى تعرف اختصارا بالاحرف الانجليزية(IMRAD).والدراسة من جنس البحوث التطبيقية التي تفيد متخذ القرار بالدرجة الاولي . فهو سوف يلم بمدي رضا الموظف عن عمله. من جانب أخر فهو سوف يتعرف علي العوامل التي من شأنها أن ترفع معدلات الرضا الوظيفي لدي مستخدميه . سيجد أن هذه العوامل حددها المبحوثون أنفسهم
أثر جودة الخدمة على ولاء العملاء: دراسة تطبيقية على الخدمات الفندقية بمدينة عدن
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر جودة الخدمة على ولاء العملاء للفنادق في مدينة عدن اليمنية ، بعد مراجعة أدبيات البحث تم بناء النموذج والفرضيات اعتمادا على نظرية التبادل الاجتماعي (Theory of Social Exchange) ، تم تصميم استبانه لجمع البيانات وتم تطوير المقاييس بالاعتماد على الدراسات السابقة ، اعتمادا على العينة العشوائية تم توزيع 600 استبانه استرجع منها 352 بنسبة استجابة بلغت 59%، استخدمت عدة أساليب إحصائية منها كرونباخ ألفا والتحليل العاملي لتأكد من الاعتمادية و الثبات ، وللتعرف على أثر أبعاد جودة الخدمة على ولاء العملاء تم استخدام تحليل الانحدار الذي أظهرت نتائجه وجود علاقة إيجابية بينهما ، وبناءً على نتائج الدراسة تم تقديم عدد من التوصيات متعلقة بجودة الخدمة لبناء ولاء قوي لدى العملاء كما تم تقديم مقترحات للدراسات المستقبلية
Market – Oriented Strategic Planning For Sudanese Live Sheep and Sheep Meat Export Businesses in Saudi Arabia Markets
The aim of strategic planning is to shape the firm’s or company's businesses and products so as to attain target profits and growth. Sudanese exports of live sheep and sheep meat to Saudi Arabia market had got limited studies in marketing strategies. In Saudi Arabia market, there is a large current and prospective market for live sheep as well as are several strategic business units (SBUs) of sheep meat. Sudan had a considerable share in live sheep imports and in only two of the strategic business units of sheep meat, but had also substantial problems. The study used the Boston consulting group model to assess Sudan businesses in live sheep and sheep meat in Saudi Arabia market. In 1996 it was found that Sudan's businesses have been in dog cell, and in 2005 it was found that two of Sudan’s businesses have been in problem children cell and one of Sudan’s businesses have been in cash cow cell. Using the product market expansion grid, of Ansoff model, the researchers also found that Sudan can develop exports by adopting market penetration strategy and market and product development strategies.
The Impact of Privatization on the Financial Performance of Privatized Enterprises in Sudan (1990-2004): Based on new ownership structure: An empirical study
This paper attempts to examine the impact of privatization on the financial performance of privatized enterprises classified according to new ownership structure in Sudan. The paper follows the standard methodology reported in the literature and relies on survey data collected from annual reports of these enterprises. The paper uses a sample of 18 privatized enterprises that were fully or partially privatized during the period 1990 to 2004. Non- parametric statistics Wilcoxon test was used as a technique to analyze the data. The findings show that there is insignificant increase in the financial performance of enterprises transferred to internal investors and state ownership. However, the enterprises transferred to external investors show insignificant decline in the financial performance. Moreover, significant decline in the performance of enterprises transferred to states and NGOs was documented (at .05 level of significance). The paper concludes that, overall, there was an insignificant improvement in the financial performance of privatized enterprises classified according to new ownership structure. To rectify the situation the paper comes up with some recommendations geared toward improving financial performance of privatized enterprises.
The Effects of Global Trade Reform on the World Vegetable Oil Markets
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of global trade reform on the world vegetable oil market. For this purpose, this study developed a world spatial equilibrium model for vegetable oil that incorporates palm oil and soybean oil. The model contained major palm and soybean oil importing and exporting countries and regions. The results show that free and fair agreement trade leads to an increase in vegetable oil trade. Malaysian producers and China consumers are the biggest beneficiaries. Trade liberalization improves the overall world welfare as world producer and consumer surpluses increase. This implies the importance of moving towards free and fair agreement trade in the global vegetable oil market.
Factors Affecting Consumers' intention To accept mobile Advertising in Sudan
Marketing experts consider the mobile device as an extremely promising marketing tool as it supports them to cope with their major challenge: getting time and attention from customers. Mobile advertising holds strong promises to become the most highly targeted advertising medium offering new ways to target messages to users. By utilizing mobile advertising, companies can run marketing campaigns targeted to tens of thousands of people with a fraction of the costs and time compared to other direct marketing mediums. In order to examine the influencing factors of consumer behaviors in the context of mobile advertising, the study investigates the factors that induce consumers to accept the mobile phone as a means of communicating promotional content. The empirical results validate the Theory of Reasoned Action model confirming the links between attitude-intention, social influence-intention, and identify perceived usefulness as the strongest motive of acceptance of the mobile phone as an innovative medium for advertising content communication. The effect of perceived usefulness on attitude was greater than the effect of the other proposed factors, namely innovativeness, attitude towards advertising in general and subjective norms which were positively and significantly related to attitude toward mobile advertising
The contents of social disclosure: A survey of the UAE Islamic Banks ‘ reports
Little is known about the social reporting in Islamic banks. This study aims to examine the nature and extent of social disclosure of UAE Islamic banks to contribute to the theory and practice. Most of the social disclosure studies have only quantified disclosures in annual reports. Whereas, our study adopts the literature survey and practice through more comprehensive methods such as questionnaire, interviews and focuses on the annual reports of UAE Islamic banks. Five premises have been examined and ranked according to their reporting priority. The main findings were: a comprehensive benchmark to measure social disclosure have developed and applied, social reporting contents have a significant influence on the banks’ reporting system, the Islamic banks in UAE are required to pay the Zakah to provide more social disclosures than banks not subject to Zakah, and the reporting of Islamic banks in UAE is significantly different among Islamic banks as they are more close to the requirements of the IFRS. It is also found that the size of the bank, age, experience of managers, and regulatory requirements affect the quantity and nature of social disclosure.
Technical efficiency analysis of banks in major oil exporting Middle East countries
This paper investigates the efficiency performance of thirty six banks operating in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries during the period 2006-2008[1]. Our results indicate, in general, GCC banks showed a considerable pure technical efficiency in the past three years with the year 2007 exhibits the most efficient year, as the number of pure technical efficient banks reached 33 percent of the total banks compared to 25 percent in 2008. The fall in technical efficiency in 2008 is due to simultaneous fall in pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency. The output loss caused by scale inefficiency (fall of scale operations below optimum level) in 2008 is estimated 16 percent compared to 5 percent in 2007. Our results also indicate that the scale efficiency is inversely related to banks' size implying a major source of scale inefficiency in GCC banks is due to sub-optimal size of operations. It is also indicated in the paper that scale efficiency is inversely related to risk, implying effective risk management policies may also enhance scale efficiency.
نظم المعلومات وإتخاذ القرارات في مؤسسات التعليم العالي الخاصة الواقع وآفاق المستقبل
هدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على واقع الجامعات الخاصة في سوريا (جامعة القلمون الخاصة والجامعة الدولية الخاصة للعلوم والتكنولوجيا)/عينة الدراسة فيما يتعلق بمدى امتلاكها لنظام معلومات كُفؤ، قادر على إيصال المعلومات، بالمواصفات المطلوبة وفي الوقت المناسب، لمختلف المستويات التنظيمية مما يسمح بتفعيل القرارات التي يتم اتخاذها في كل مستوى تنظيمي بهذه الجامعات. ويتضمن البحث ثلاثة محاور تمت مناقشتها وتسليط الضوء عليها: 1-الهيكل التنظيمي للجامعات الخاصة وطبيعة العلاقات به وأثره في اتخاذ القرارات وتبادل المعلومات. 2. نوعية المعلومات التي تجمعها الجامعات الخاصة ومدى توفرها ودورها في اتخاذ القرارات التي تخدم المؤسسة. 3. أسلوب عملية صنع القرارات في الجامعات الخاصة وأثره في تحقيق الفعالية في اتخاذ القرارات فيها. اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي واستخدمت الاختبارات الإحصائية المناسبة بهدف الوصول لدلالات ذات قيمة ومؤشرات تدعم هدف البحث. وتوصل البحث الى وجوب اهتمام مؤسسات التعليم العالي بنظم المعلومات وتطويرها لتتمكن من مواكبة التطورات في الخدمات التعليمية وتحقيق المزايا التنافسية الداخلية والخارجية التي تساعدها على الاستمرار والنمو.
School Management Studies University of Khartoum
Framework for government internal audit profession strategy in Sudan
The impact of customer – Based brand equity on customer satisfaction and trust