Effect of Three Sowing Dates on the Quality Characteristics of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown in Central Sudan

Abstract

224
U. of K. J. Agric. Sci. 22(2), 224-240, 2014
Effect of Three Sowing Dates on the Quality Characteristics of Bread
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown in Central Sudan
M.G. Abdalla 1 , Hayat Abdelrahman2 and S.M. Mohamed 3
1, 3 Agricultural Research Corporation, Dongola Research Station
2 National Food Research Centre, Grain Technology Department
Abstract: This research was conducted to study the effect of different
sowing dates on the quality characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) grains grown in central Sudan during 2005/2006 season. The
field experiment was executed by split plot design with three replications.
Three sowing dates (November 6 th , November 21st and December 6th )
were used to represent the early, mid and late sowing dates. Grain quality
characteristics of four released cultivars; namely, Argine, Alneilain,
Debeira and Condor were studied. Characters such as 1000 - kernel
(grain) weight, test weight (Hectoliter weight) and flour yield declined
progressively with delayed sowing date (6th Dec.). Maximum values were
obtained in the early sowing date (6th Nov.) and minimum values in the
late sowing date (6th Dec.).The results showed that proper sowing date
resulted in the highest protein and gluten values in wheat grain and flour.
With the late sowing date, these two parameters decreased in all cultivars
tested. The cultivars Debeira and Condor were the most affected, while
the cultivar Argine showed little effect. Argine had higher protein and
gluten values than the other cultivars in the three sowing dates. The
change of proportions of different protein components in wheat grain
induced by the variation of sowing dates could be the main reason for the
improvement in wheat grain quality in Sudan.