Isolation and Identification of Aerobic Bacteria Associated with Respiratory Tract Infection in Chechens (Baladi Types) in Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract

This study was carried out in Khartoum State (Khartoum, Bahri and Odurman) from January to July, 2014 to isolate and identify the aerobic bacteria associated with the respiratory tract infections of chickens (Baladi Type). Fourty five samples were collected from different infected chickens (male and female from one month to ten months) showing clear respiratory symptoms. The samples were collected from Large Baladi (30 samples, 66.7%) and Bare-neck (15 samples, 33.3%). The samples were nasal, conjunctival, infra-orbital sinuses and tracheal swabs and specimen from lungs. Different types of media (Nutrient broth, Nutrient agar, Blood agar, Chocolate agar, Peptone water) were used for bacterial culturing. Identification of all isolates was carried out on the basis of morphology, staining reaction, cultural characteristics and biochemical reactions. All collected samples showed bacterial growth and yielded 55 isolates. Thirty four (61.8%) of the isolates were Gram negative bacteria and the remaining 21 (38.2%) isolates were Gram positive bacteria. The Gram negative bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (16.4%), Pseudomonas spp (9.1%), Klebsiella spp (5.5%), Shigella spp(3.6%), Proteus spp (9.1%), Pasteurella multocida (7.3%), Bordetella spp (3.6%), Haemophilus paragallinarum (3.6%) and Yersinia pseudotuberclosis (3.6%). The Gram positive bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp (12.7%), Micrococcus spp (9.1%), Bacillus spp (10.9%) and Streptococcus spp (5.5%). It was concluded that the bacterial respiratory tract infections constitute one of the constraints to poultry production (Baladi Type) in Khartoum State, Sudan.