Estimating the Normalized Polarizability of a Dusty Medium by Using Elliptic Integrals

Abstract

Microwave signal degradation during dust storms poses significant challenges for high-frequency communication systems, especially in arid regions. Traditional models often assume spherical dust particles, which limits their accuracy in representing real-world propagation effects. This paper presents a theoretical model to estimate the normalized polarizability of dusty media by incorporating non-spherical particle geometries. Specifically, dust particles are modeled as ellipsoids, and their geometry factor is analytically determined using elliptic integrals. The model integrates this shape-dependent factor into the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium framework to evaluate the dielectric properties of dusty environments. Key contributions include: (1) the derivation of depolarization factors using elliptic integrals for arbitrary ellipsoidal geometries, (2) a shape-sensitive dielectric model accounting for orientation and volume fraction, and (3) a parametric study demonstrating the impact of axial ratios and dielectric contrast on normalized polarizability across microwave frequency bands. This work provides a compact analytical formulation that enhances the prediction of electromagnetic behavior in dusty atmospheric conditions, offering practical value for communication system design