Smartphone-Controlled Bluetooth-Arduino Vehicle for Remote Pesticide Application

Abstract

Abstract— This study presents a low-cost, smartphone-controlled vehicle for remote pesticide application using Arduino and Bluetooth Technology. The prototype features a four-wheeled platform with a spraying mechanism, controlled via a custom Android app. The system uses solar energy to charge three lithium-ion batteries via TP4056 modules, each controlling voltage and charging independently. The Arduino Micro-controller works as a central control unit that communicates the user's commands to the other electronic components of the system via an HC-05 Bluetooth module. The vehicle's movement is governed by four DC motors, controlled via two L298N drivers, enabling multi-directional navigation. A 12V pump is activated by a relay switch to spray pesticides through a trigger sprayer head mounted on the vehicle and triggered through the mobile app. The electrical circuit, assembled on a breadboard for flexibility, includes resistors, capacitors, and diodes for voltage regulation and protection. The Chassis is constructed from aluminum beams and Formica plates that provide an enclosure to protect the sensitive electronic components from environmental conditions. This system is designed to reduce direct human exposure to pesticides, physical pain caused by carrying heavy pesticide tanks, costs from labor or power sprayers that need fuel to operate, and environmental pollution. The system operates effectively up to 20 meters. Initial tests confirmed its functionality on small, flat terrain. While limited by manual control, short-range communication, and small tank capacity, the project demonstrates a viable solution for small-scale farms. Future enhancements could include automation, GPS, and environmental sensing for broader agricultural use.